In 1931 Robert Bauer invented the first incubator to combine heat, oxygen, and humidity.
Abstract:
"The apparatus herein described was built in July 1931 to meet in a practical way the well established needs of the premature or the full term new-born infant suffering from respiratory or circulatory embarrassment; namely, (1) carbon dioxide-oxygen mixture¹ for stimulation of the respiratory centers, (2) oxygen² to combat anoxemia, (3) external heat to maintain body temperature, (4) easy accessibility to provide feeding and nursing care with a minimum of handling and without removing the baby from the atmosphere of oxygen, and (5) full visibility to insure careful watching. Continuous use of the apparatus in the nursery of the Henry Ford Hospital for five years has proved its value in treating cases of asphyxia neonatorum, intracranial hemorrhage, atelectasis, congenital heart disease, blood dyscrasias, excessive mucus or any other condition that might cause cyanosis or anoxemia."